巴黎圣母院大教堂是一座位于塞纳河畔、法国巴黎市中心、西堤岛上的哥特式基督教教堂建筑，是天主教巴黎总教区的主教座堂。
Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris is a Gothic Christian church building on the banks of the Seine River, downtown Paris, and Sidi Island.
It is the Cathedral of the Catholic Paris diocese.
它的地位、历史价值无与伦比，是历史上最为辉煌的建筑之一。
Its position and historical value are incomparable, and it is one of the most brilliant buildings in history.
巴黎圣母院始建于1163年，是巴黎大主教莫里斯·德·苏利决定兴建的，整座教堂在1345年全部建成，历时180多年。
Notre Dame de Paris was founded in 1163. It was decided by the Archbishop of Paris, Maurice de Sully.
The whole church was completed in 1345 and lasted for more than 180 years.
正面双塔高约69米，后塔尖约90米，是法兰西岛地区的哥特式教堂群里面，非常具有关键代表意义的一座。
The front two towers are about 69 meters high, and the rear spire is about 90 meters high.
It is a key representative of the Gothic church group in the French island area.
虽然这是一幢宗教建筑，但它闪烁着法国人民的智慧，反映了人们对美好生活的追求与向往。
Although it is a religious building, it shines with the wisdom of the French people and reflects people's pursuit and yearning for a better life.
2019年4月15日晚18时50分许，巴黎圣母院塔楼起火，一小时后火情迅速蔓延（4·15巴黎圣母院火灾事故）。
On April 15, 2019, at about 18:50 p.m., the Tower of Notre Dame in Paris caught fire.
An hour later, the fire spread rapidly (4.15 Notre Dame fire in Paris).
当地时间2019年4月16日上午，大火扑灭，火灾持续14小时。
On the morning of April 16, 2019, local time, the fire was extinguished and lasted for 14 hours.
扩展资料：巴黎圣母院内部构造：
在教堂的平面上，承袭自老教堂的基本格局，圣母院被设计成有五个纵舱（Nave）的规划，包括一个中舱与两侧各两个的翼舱。
但相对的，整栋建筑的尺度规模都放大许多，教堂全长128米，光是中舱就有12.5米宽，而整座教堂的全宽则为40米，穹顶（Vault）则为33米宽。
东端是圣坛，后面是半圆形的外墙。走进大教堂里面，参观者首先为它的宏伟气势所震惊。几排直径5米的大圆柱将内部分为五个殿，而在十字交叉堂和唱诗堂周围还有两个回廊环绕。
巴黎圣母院的内部并排着两列长柱子，柱子高达24米，直通屋顶。两列柱子距离不到16米，而屋顶却高35米，从而形成狭窄而高耸的空间，给人以向天国靠近的幻觉。
主殿四周，连拱廊上方是一带双层窗户的走廊，在它之上是大窗子，透过这些窗子，一束束阳光宁静地射进堂内。于主殿翼部相连的侧殿位置上，是几座充满了17至18世纪艺术作品的礼拜堂。
教堂内部极为朴素，严谨肃穆，几乎没有什么装饰。进入教堂的内部，无数的垂直线条引人仰望，数十米高的拱顶在幽暗的光线下隐隐约约，闪闪烁烁，加上宗教的遐想，似乎上面就是天堂。于是，教堂就成‘与上帝对话’的地方。它是欧洲建筑史上一个划时代的标志。
主殿翼部的两端都有玫瑰花状的大圆窗，上面满是13世纪时制作的富丽堂皇的彩绘玻璃书。北边那根圆柱上是著名的“巴黎圣母”像。这尊像造于14世纪，先是安放在圣埃娘礼拜堂，后来才被搬到这里。
南侧玫瑰花形圆窗，这扇巨型窗户建于13世纪，但在18世纪时做过修复，上面刻画了耶稣基督在童贞女的簇拥下行祝福礼的情形。其色彩之绚烂、玻璃镶嵌之细密，给人一种似乎一颗灿烂星星在闪烁的印象，它把五彩斑斓的光线射向室内的每一个角落。
圣母院内右侧安放一排排烛台，数十枝白烛辉映使院内洋溢着柔和的气氛。大厅可容纳9000人，其中1500人座席前设有讲台，讲台后面置放三座雕像，左、右雕像是国王路易十三及路易十四，两人目光齐望向中央圣母哀子像，耶稣横卧于圣母膝上，圣母神情十分哀伤。
院内摆置很多的壁画、雕塑、圣像，因此前来观览的游客络绎不绝。厅内的大管风琴也很有名，共有6000根音管，音色浑厚响亮，特别适合奏圣歌和悲壮的乐曲。
要享受独自一人片刻的宁静，不妨上去圣母院第三层楼，也就是最顶层，雨果笔下的钟楼。教堂正厅顶部的南钟楼有一口重达13吨的大钟，敲击时钟声洪亮，全城可闻据说在这座钟铸造的材料中加入的金银均来自巴黎虔诚的女信徒的奉献。
北侧钟楼则有一个387级的阶梯。从钟楼可以俯瞰巴黎如诗画般的美景，有欧洲古典及现代感的建筑物，欣赏塞纳河上风光，一艘艘观光船载着游客穿梭游驶于塞纳河。
埃菲尔铁塔，位于市中心区的西部，临塞纳河左岸，塔东南方有大片绿地。铁塔于1889年建成，当时是为庆祝法国大革命100周年和迎接巴黎世界博览会而建造，多年来已成为巴黎的象征。铁塔的设计人是埃菲尔，塔也因此而得名，人类建筑物高度没有达到过200m，而埃菲尔塔一举上升到300m，是近代建筑史上的重大成就，也是世界建筑史上的里程碑。这座塔的建成，显示了钢结构的巨大建筑能力，表明钢结构建筑也可以优美动人。这座塔的建成还是当时钢铁工业发展的结果，也是建筑结构科学和施工技术发展的产物。它打破了几千年来石构建筑造成的传统建筑观念的束缚，促成了现代建筑的诞生。建塔之初曾有不少人反对建造这个钢铁怪塔，但是法国政府最终还是选中了这个方案。
星形广场凯旋门，位于塞纳河右岸香榭里舍大街西端星形广场(戴高乐广场)中央。1806年拿破仑一世为颂扬法军在奥斯特里兹战役中打败俄奥联军的战绩而开始建造，1836年完成。凯旋门朝向香谢里舍大街的一面是正面，正面和背面的拱门两侧各有一幅大浮雕，共4幅，构成一组。4幅的画题分别是《马赛曲》、《胜利》、《抵抗》与《和平》，正面右侧的《马赛曲》最精美，画幅中心是自由女神，右手握剑挥动，左臂上扬高呼，号召人们起来战斗。这一组浮雕是法国浪漫主义雕刻家F.吕德的代表作。
卢浮宫与卢浮宫博物馆，位于市中心塞纳河右岸边，既是著名的王宫，又是博物馆的所在地。王宫最初建于12世纪末，从15世纪至18世纪末曾经4次改建和扩建。1792年法国国民议会宣布这里作为博物馆，并于第二年开放。此后又大规模扩建，到1868年卢浮宫的建筑全部完成。卢浮宫分为东中西三个院落，东院建成最早，是较小的方形院。后来向西延伸，建成向西敞开的较大的西院，也是方形院。此后南北立面的房屋再向西延伸，即现在西面的那部分。从16世纪初就开始收藏艺术珍品，现收藏有极其丰富的绘画、雕塑、陶瓷、珠宝和家具。陈列面积有5.5万平方米，藏品2.5万件。其中有被誉为世界三宝的《维纳斯》雕像、《蒙娜丽莎》油画和《胜利女神》石雕像。
巴黎圣母院，位于巴黎市中心塞纳河中的斯德岛上，是天主教教堂。初建于1163年，到1345年完工。建筑与雕刻是哥特式早期与盛期风格。后来由于战火而遭到严重破坏，1845年开始在保持原有风格的前提下修建，到1864年完工重新开放。从1991年起，法国政府拨款1亿法郎再度整修，中层两侧是双窗。底层是三个尖拱双扇门。一层和二层之间有一列28个浅像龛，排列着犹太和以色列28个国王的雕像。其他位置也有许多雕像。几百年来，巴黎圣母院一直是法国宗教和政治生活的重要场所，许多重要活动在这里举行。它是法国历史的见证之一。由于雨果的长篇小说《巴黎圣母院》流传很广，所以这座教堂也广为人知。
Eiffel Tower, located in the downtown area of the western part of the Pro on the left bank of the Seine, southeast of the tower there are large areas of green space. Tower was built in 1889, was to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution and the World Exposition in Paris to meet the construction, over the years has become a symbol of Paris. The tower is designed Eiffel, the tower also named after, the building height of mankind has not been reached 200m, and in one fell swoop Aifeierta up to 300m, is a modern building in the history of the major achievements in the world milestone in the history of architecture. The tower is built, shows the enormous steel structure of the building capacity, building steel structure can also show the beautiful and moving. The tower is built of iron and steel industry was the result of the development and structure of the building and construction, science and technology product development. It broke the stone thousands of years of construction resulting from the shackles of traditional architectural concepts that led to the birth of modern architecture. Tower has been built at the beginning of a lot of people opposed to the construction of the steel tower blame, but the French government finally selected in the program.
Star Plaza, the Arc de Triomphe, located on the right bank of the Seine, the Champs Elysees at the western end star-shaped square (Plaza de Gaulle) Central Committee. Napoleon I in 1806 to celebrate the French army at the Battle of Austerlitz in the Austrian coalition to defeat Russia's record and the start of construction, completed in 1836. Xie Xiang towards the Arc de Triomphe Elysees is the positive side, front and back arches on each side of a big relief, a total of 4, constitute a group. 4 of the painting are the subject of "La Marseillaise" and "victory" and "resistance" and "peace", the front right side of the "La Marseillaise," the most beautiful, is painting the Statue of Liberty, Wojian waved his right hand, left arm up high Hu called on people to fight. The relief group is a romantic French sculptor F. Lu's representative.
The Louvre and the Louvre Museum, located in the center of the right shore of the Seine, is the famous palace, the museum is located. Royal Palace was first built in the 12 century, From the 15th century to late 18th century has been the expansion and renovation 4. In 1792 the French National Assembly announced here as a museum and was open for the second year. After that, a large-scale expansion in 1868 to complete the construction of the Louvre. Dong Zhongxi the Louvre is divided into three courtyards, Eastern Hospital was first built, the smaller square house. Later extended to the west, into more open to the west of the West House, the House is a square. Since then, North and South facade of the housing and then extended to the west, that is now part of the west. From the early 16th century art collection began, is an extremely rich collection of painting, sculpture, ceramics, jewelry and furniture. Display area of 55,000 square meters, a collection of 25,000. Among them, known as the World Sambo "Venus" statue, the "Mona Lisa" painting and the "goddess of victory," like stone.
Notre Dame de Paris, located in the center of the Seine in Paris, de island, is the Catholic Church. Was built in early 1163, to be completed in 1345. Architecture and sculpture is the peak with the early Gothic style. Later, because of the war and was severely damaged in the beginning of 1845 to maintain the style of the original premise of the construction, to be completed in 1864 to re-open. Since 1991, the French government funding 100,000,000 francs renovated once again, on both sides of the middle is a double window. The bottom is a pointed arches of the three two-door. And a two-story between a 28 shallow niches like, arranged in a Jewish Israel and 28 of the King statue. There are also many other locations statue. For hundreds of years, Notre Dame de Paris has been the religious and political life of France's major venue for many important activities held here. It is one of France to witness history. Due to Hugo's novel "Notre Dame de Paris" a very wide spread, so the church is also well known.